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A feature in both economics and investing that is often poorly appreciated is the idea of opportunity cost.
There is always a wide range of things that you can do with your time and your money.
When you choose to do one, you forgo the others.
So being a successful investor starts with making sure that you make good choices.
Today I want to take a look at what the latest news on the Neil Woodford front can teach us about opportunity cost and the value of your time…
Ignore the siren song of the apparent big-name bargain
Woodford Patient Capital Trust reported its first-half results today.
Neil Woodford, most of you will no doubt remember, is the famous fund manager who had to shutter his open-ended fund, Woodford Equity Income, all the way back in June. Since then, investors haven’t been able to take their money out of his fund.
Patient Capital holds many of the same stocks as the income fund. The difference is that Patient Capital is an investment trust, so investors there are able to evacuate by selling shares in the trust on the stock exchange. So the share price has slid heavily as a result of Woodford’s woes.
One big problem is that a lot of the unlisted, illiquid companies in Woodford’s open-ended fund are simply not worth what he thought they were worth. Another problem is that many had relied on him for future funding, which he now can’t give them. A final problem is that even if these companies are good, people assume that Woodford is under pressure to sell and they therefore have no reason to pay full value.
All of these things have hit the net asset value (NAV) of the trust. This is the value of the underlying portfolio, as opposed to the market capitalisation of the trust itself.
The trust now trades at a discount to NAV of about 35%. In other words, if the current NAV is accurate, then you can pay about 65p for a bucket full of assets worth £1.
That sounds very tempting, doesn’t it?
Let’s explain why you shouldn’t bother.
Here’s why you shouldn’t waste your time
Patient Capital Trust is one of those siren stocks that often seduces small investors, only to dash their cash on the rocks.
It’s high profile. The share price has fallen massively. It’s ostensibly cheap, trading at a huge discount to NAV. There’s a sense of expectation that at some point, this stock must turn around, and that if you get in at the right time, you’ll make a killing.
But stop and think for a moment. Of all the potentially attractive stocks and investment trusts out there, is doing the legwork on this one really a good use of your time?
As I said earlier – always remember to factor in opportunity cost. There are always other things that you can do with your time and your money. Remember that when you choose one, you forgo the others.
So let me talk you through why I think spending your time and money on Patient Capital right now is a waste of your time.
Let’s say we want to invest in Patient Capital. Here’s what we’d have to do to be comfortable with the idea.
We already know we can’t trust the NAV. The NAV fell by 26% in the year to 30 June 2019 alone. And it’s fallen further since then (from 72p a share to 65p – so another 10%, give or take). So who knows what might happen to it next?
First, I don’t know exactly what’s in the Patient Capital Trust portfolio right now. So before I considered investing in it, I’d have to get a good idea of what it’s holding. That’s a lot of holdings to go through, even if it’s just the top 20.
Second, I’d then have to accept the fact that even if I understand what these stocks do (cold fusion?), I have very few ways of telling whether the stuff in the portfolio is worth anything like the current stated valuations. I don’t know if the business models work. Even if they do, I don’t know if the eventual ownership structures and financing models are actually going to turn out to be shareholder friendly.
That’s a lot of work. The good news is that I can shortcut the process, and decide that it would be a waste of my time, by looking at one fairly simple point about Patient Capital.
It is abundantly clear that those who run the trust are not on top of this situation yet, because Woodford is still managing the portfolio. (For those who aren’t clear on the way investment trusts work – the board of an investment trust is there to protect the interests of shareholders. That can include firing the manager of the fund if necessary).
Few, if any, British fund managers, have ever messed up on the scale and to the extent that Woodford has. And to add insult to injury, Woodford sold £1 million-worth of shares in the trust in July to pay a tax bill – and didn’t even tell the board he was going to do so. Indeed, it took him three weeks to tell them. And that was about 60% of his overall holding.
Talk about a slap in the face for all involved. Not least the shareholders.
We are nowhere near turnaround time for this trust
The fact that they are struggling to get rid of him suggests two things to me. One, they are overly tied to Woodford. He has dominated the board for so long that they are struggling to behave independently. (To be clear, I’m not suggesting anything underhand here – purely the problem of having a big personality surrounded by ‘yes’ executives).
Two, the lack of a big queue to come and take over the trust suggests to me that external managers have no more confidence in the quality of the assets it holds than I do.
That leaves wide a couple of unpleasant possibilities. One, a new manager could come in and write down the portfolio even further. “Kitchen-sinking” might represent an opportunity but before that we could see a much bigger drop in the NAV.
Two, the other option would be to consider winding up the trust. Again, it’s hard to see how a wind-up could happen without more disappointments on the NAV front.
In short, we are nowhere near the turnaround point for this trust. If someone else decides to take on this lame duck, then I might believe that it’s worth another look. But until then I wouldn’t waste your time – and certainly not your money – on even giving it a second glance.
Oh and a quick thing before I go – one of the discussion topics at our conference in November is “How to avoid a Woodford” – it’s all about making sure that your money doesn’t get tied up in a fund that then stops you from getting your money back out. It will be vital viewing for anyone with their money invested in funds – book your ticket now and see the rest of the jam-packed agenda here.